Disorders of heart

• There are many disorders of heart, which can be broadly categorized into structural, electrical, and circulatory issues.

Some common disorders of heart

1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

   • Cause: Narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to plaque build-up (atherosclerosis).
   • Symptoms: Chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, increased risk of heart attack.

2. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)

   • Cause: Blocked blood flow to part of the heart, usually by a blood clot.
   • Symptoms: Chest pain, shortness of breath, damage or death of heart muscle cells, life-threatening arrhythmias.

3. Heart Failure disorders of heart

   • Cause: The heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, often due to heart damage from a heart attack or high blood pressure.
   • Symptoms: Shortness of breath, fatigue, fluid retention.

4. Arrhythmias (one of the types of Disorders of heart)

   • Cause: Abnormal heart rhythms due to issues with the heart’s electrical system.
   • Types:
     • Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
     • Tachycardia (fast heart rate)
     • Irregular rhythms
   • Symptoms: Palpitations, dizziness, fainting.

5. Valvular Heart (one of the types of Disorders of heart)

   • Cause: Problems with one or more heart valves (e.g., regurgitation or stenosis).
   • Symptoms: Shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue.

6. Cardiomyopathy

   • Cause: Disease of the heart muscle due to genetic factors, infections, toxins, or other conditions.
   • Symptoms: Weakened heart muscle, inefficient blood pumping, potential heart failure.

7. Congenital Heart Defects

   • Cause: Heart abnormalities present at birth, such as holes in the heart or malformed structures.
   • Severity: Can range from mild to severe; may require medical or surgical intervention.

8. Pericarditis

   • Cause: Inflammation of the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart).
   • Symptoms: Chest pain, potential fluid accumulation affecting heart function.

9. Endocarditis

   1. Cause: Inflammation of the heart’s inner lining and valves, usually due to bacterial infection.
   2. Symptoms: Fever, fatigue, shortness of breath, potential heart valve damage

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